Un vs Une in French Numbers

The cardinal 1 is the only French number that agrees with the gender of the noun it counts. Inside compounds (21, 31 ... 81, 101) the same rule applies: vingt et un livres for masculine, vingt et une pages for feminine. The Academie francaise has codified this as strict, not optional.

Updated May 2026

FrenchEnglishNoteAudio
un livreone book / a bookMasculine: livre is masculine.
une pageone page / a pageFeminine: page is feminine.
vingt et un livres21 booksMasculine: un agrees with livres.
vingt et une pages21 pagesFeminine: une agrees with pages. Both un et un and et une are accepted spellings; the agreement is in the spoken / written ending.
trente et un mois31 monthsMasculine: mois is masculine.
trente et une semaines31 weeksFeminine: semaines is feminine.
cinquante et un degres51 degreesMasculine: degres is masculine.
soixante et une minutes61 minutesFeminine: minutes is feminine.
soixante et onze euros71 eurosOnze is invariable; no gender shift on 71, 91 because onze has no feminine form.
quatre-vingt-une personnes81 peopleFeminine: personnes is feminine. The vingt-un compound takes une in the feminine.
cent une lignes101 linesFeminine: lignes is feminine. Same agreement holds for 201, 301, 401 ... 1001.

One number, one rule

Only the cardinal one (un / une) inflects for gender. Every other cardinal is invariable: deux pages, trois pages, dix pages, vingt pages all use the same form. The rule fires inside compounds (21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 81, 101) because the final morpheme is the cardinal one. 71 and 91 are exceptions because they end in onze, which is invariable.

Related

Frequently asked

When do you use une instead of un in French numbers?

When the noun being counted is feminine, and only on the digit one (1, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 81, 101, 1001, etc.). All other digits (deux, trois ... quatre-vingt-dix) are invariable for gender. So 1 book is un livre, 1 page is une page; 21 books is vingt et un livres, 21 pages is vingt et une pages.

Is it vingt et un or vingt et une?

Both, depending on what is being counted. Masculine noun: vingt et un (vingt et un euros, vingt et un livres). Feminine noun: vingt et une (vingt et une pages, vingt et une heures). The Academie francaise codifies this as a strict agreement, not optional.

Does quatre-vingt-un take une in the feminine?

Yes. Quatre-vingt-une for feminine nouns: quatre-vingt-une pages, quatre-vingt-une heures, quatre-vingt-une personnes. Same for 91 (quatre-vingt-onze is invariable because onze has no feminine form, so 91 pages = quatre-vingt-onze pages).

What is one o'clock in French?

Une heure (because heure is feminine). 1 a.m. is une heure du matin; 1 p.m. is treize heures or une heure de l'apres-midi. The form une (not un) is mandatory before heure because heure is feminine.

Sources: Academie francaise, Larousse, Le Robert.

Updated 2026-05-11